Did your gynecologist advise getting a hysteroscopy recently? It’s natural to feel unsure or anxious when hearing a clinical term like that. But rest assured, this is a fairly straightforward, minimally invasive procedure that can offer important insights into your reproductive health and even treat certain conditions.
Let’s break down what hysteroscopy actually is, when doctors recommend it, and why it can be such a helpful diagnostic and therapeutic tool.
What Is Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure where a doctor inserts a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope through the vagina and cervix to view the inside of the uterus. This allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity and is used for both diagnostic and operative purposes.
There are two types of hysteroscopy:
● Diagnostic hysteroscopy: Used to examine the uterus and identify possible abnormalities.
● Operative hysteroscopy: Used to correct the identified issues during the same session.
Compared to traditional surgery, hysteroscopy offers minimal invasion, faster recovery, fewer complications, and is often more cost-effective.
When Is It Recommended?
Gynecologists may recommend a hysteroscopy in a variety of situations where there’s a need to both diagnose and treat issues within the uterus. One of the most common reasons is abnormal uterine bleeding, whether it’s heavy, irregular, or occurs after menopause. Since up to 33% of gynecology visits relate to abnormal bleeding, hysteroscopy offers a more precise view than ultrasound, helping to detect conditions like endometrial polyps, fibroids, or hyperplasia.
It’s also commonly advised in cases of infertility or recurrent miscarriages, where structural abnormalities like a uterine septum, adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome), or intrauterine polyps may be contributing factors. Interestingly, studies show that even when ultrasounds appear normal, hysteroscopy can reveal such hidden issues in over 10% of cases, often allowing treatment to be done in the same sitting.
In addition, hysteroscopy is frequently used for removing uterine polyps (polypectomy) or fibroids (myomectomy), particularly when they are located inside the uterine cavity. It also allows for hysteroscopy-guided biopsies when abnormal tissue needs to be sampled. In some cases, it serves as the safest method for removal of an IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device) that’s become embedded or difficult to retrieve, or for clearing retained products of conception following a miscarriage or delivery.
Other therapeutic uses include adhesiolysis to break intrauterine adhesions, septum resection to correct congenital uterine anomalies, and hysteroscopic tubal cannulation to open blocked fallopian tubes, particularly in women facing difficulty conceiving.
What to Expect
Depending on the complexity, hysteroscopy may be done in a clinic or an operating room. For simpler procedures, anesthesia may not be required, though local or general anesthesia is sometimes used.
A fluid (usually saline) or gas is introduced into the uterus to expand it and provide clear visuals. The entire procedure typically takes 10–30 minutes. You might experience mild cramping or spotting afterward, but most people return to daily activities within a day or two.
How Safe Is It?
Hysteroscopy is generally considered very safe, especially when performed in an office setting. Operative procedures carry slightly more risk but remain low in complications. Your doctor will ensure you’re informed of any potential risks and monitored carefully before, during, and after the procedure.
Final Thoughts
Hysteroscopy is one of the most accurate and least invasive ways to evaluate and treat conditions inside the uterus. Whether it’s for unexplained bleeding, infertility, fibroids, or the removal of retained tissue, this procedure plays a vital role in women’s reproductive healthcare.
If your gynecologist recommends it, don’t hesitate to ask questions. Understanding the procedure can help you take confident steps toward better reproductive health.
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